Suspicion of a bug bite may cause feelings of uneasiness and anxiety. Most bug bites and stings are harmless, but some can be serious and will require immediate medical attention. A bite from a poisonous spider for example could be life-threatening. Most bug bites happen when outdoors but they can also happen in the comfort of home. There are different types of bug bites which can vary depending on geographical location and some may cause systemic illness such as Zika virus and Lyme disease.
-
Symptoms
Symptoms of bug bites can provide a clue as to the severity of the bite and what type of bug is the culprit. Bed bug bites usually happen when sleeping and occur on exposed areas of the body such as the knees. They will present as multiple red and itchy bumps or welts. If they are severe, they will be swollen and inflamed. Mosquito bites can be singular or multiple itchy and red bites. A bite from a tick will leave a rash that has a red outline with a dot in the middle like a bull’s-eye. It can cause an incurable illness known as Lyme disease. Stings from wasps, hornets and bees are painful and red from the moment they occur and may leave a stinger behind in the skin. Bug bites can cause allergic reactions which range in severity from swelling to a potentially life-threatening state known as anaphylaxis.
-
Causes
Mosquitos, black flies, bed bugs, fleas, spiders, dust mites, ticks, ants, wasps, hornets and bees can all bite or sting. Bugs outside are more prevalent in certain seasons. House spiders, bed bugs and dust mites live in homes all year round. Mosquitos, black flies, ticks, ants, and flying insects live outdoors when the weather is warm. Skin that is exposed or not covered with clothing is more at risk for bites.
-
Treatment
Wearing bug repellent and dressing appropriately can help avoid bug bites in the first place. If travelling, be aware of what bugs and insects could pose a risk and if so, certain medications or vaccines may be recommended. If bites are sustained while sleeping, check mattress seams for bed bugs and mites. Bug bites typically do not require treatment and will go away fairly quickly. If bothersome, anti-itch topical creams or oral antihistamines can alleviate symptoms of itch and inflammation. Seek immediate medical attention if an anaphylactic reaction occurs.
