Contact dermatitis by definition is an inflammation or irritation of the skin in reaction to contact with a substance. Fragrances in creams, soaps and detergent, certain jewellery such as toe rings and some types of fabric fibres may cause irritant contact dermatitis. A person may even develop a rash after ingesting a disagreeable food which results in an allergic contact dermatitis. Contact dermatitis typically causes an itchy rash, which is not contagious or spread from one person to another, but will likely be uncomfortable until it resolves.
-
Symptoms
A rash from contact dermatitis can vary in how it manifests. If a reaction occurs, the rash may be itchy, reddish or brownish, become cracked or scaly, appear dry or feel like the skin is thicker than usual. Bumps, blisters or hives are also common. Rashes can develop within hours or days of contact with the irritating substance. Burning, itchiness and tenderness may be experienced and the severity of the reaction will determine how intense the symptoms feel and look.
-
Causes
Exposed and susceptible skin may eventually react to frequent exposure to a weak irritant or brief and sudden exposure to a stronger irritant. Irritant contact dermatitis results from contact with a substance and allergic contact dermatitis results from an allergy or sensitivity to an ingested food or medication. Weak irritants may include soaps and detergents and stronger irritants may include industrial cleaning solvents used to clean floors or plants, such as poison ivy.
-
Treatment
It is important to determine what is causing the contact dermatitis and avoid exposure immediately. Prevent infection by using a mild, fragrance-free soap to wash. Skin can be soothed with a cool compress or by applying an anti-itch treatment such as calamine lotion, zinc or hydrocortisone cream. Colloidal oatmeal is a specially prepared form of oatmeal that can also help provide relief. Benadryl may be considered to combat the body’s response. It is recommended to seek medical attention if the rash is widespread, affects your sleep or does not completely resolve within a week or two. Immediate medical intervention is needed if you experience difficulty breathing or develop a fever or if pus is oozing from the skin.
