There are different types of eczema that can occur on the legs. The type depends on what it looks like and the location on the leg. Venous or varicose eczema and nummular eczema can occur on the legs. The lower legs are subjected to friction from clothes such as pants and socks. Friction on the skin may cause irritation and can worsen symptoms of eczema. Eczema is a long-term skin condition more commonly seen in young adults and can occur as a single flare-up in a person’s life or come and go for years.
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Symptoms
Venous or varicose eczema will cause the skin on the lower legs to become itchy, swollen, dry, flaky and even scaly. If the skin tone is lighter, the rash will appear red or brown and dark brown or grey on darker skin tones. Nummular eczema typically starts with small bumps and blister-like sores that eventually turn into raised coin-shaped patches that are itchy, may burn and often ooze liquid. Scratching to relieve itchiness can cause breaks in the skin which can easily become infected and be painful.
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Causes
Developing eczema is more likely if it runs in a person’s family and can be associated with injury to the skin and the presence of an allergy. It can also be triggered by stress, heat and humidity, sensitivity to soaps and detergents and various metals such as nickel. If skin is overly dry, it is less resilient to friction and scratching. Venous or varicose eczema is associated with issues with the veins in the leg known as venous insufficiency. Nummular eczema may occur following a bug bite or scratch, as a side effect of a medication, or even heavy alcohol consumption.
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Treatment
It is important to know what triggers or exacerbates eczema. This will help avoid a flare-up. Daily bathing using a mild and fragrance-free soap keeps the surface of the skin clean. Applying a rich emollient when skin is still slightly moist will ensure the moisture balance of skin is maintained. If eczema is bothersome, it is best to seek the advice of a primary care professional or a medical footcare clinician. A topical corticosteroid may be required to reduce inflammation and increase comfort. If an infection develops from scratching, it may need to be treated with topical or oral antimicrobials to prevent spread and further complications.
