Shin splints, also known as medial tibial stress syndrome, is a frequent injury of the lower leg and one of the most common causes of exertional leg pain in active individuals. It is an overuse injury involving the shin area. Although often not serious, it can be quite disabling and progress to more serious complications if not treated properly. Often, it is caused by a number of factors and involves training errors and various biomechanical abnormalities.
-
Symptoms
The most common complaint of patients with shin splints is “diffuse pain” of the lower leg, along the lower 2/3 of the tibia bone, associated with activity. In the early course of the condition, pain is worse at the beginning of exercise and gradually subsides during training and within minutes of stopping of exercise. As the injury progresses, however, pain presents with less activity and may even occur at rest.
-
Causes
Sport training errors appear to be the most common factor involved in causing shin splints, especially as active individuals attempt to do “too much, too fast”. Running on hard or uneven surfaces, such as concrete or trails, is also a common risk factor. Those with prior lower leg injuries and who run more than 20 miles per week are especially at risk for overuse injuries, such as shin splints. It is most often found in runners, and also found in those who play football, basketball, soccer, and/or participate in dance. A biomechanical abnormality or gait disturbance can be the underlying cause and needs to be assessed by a lower limb clinician.
-
Treatment
Rest and ice to the inflamed or tender area really helps to allow for healing and minimize discomfort. It may be difficult to step away from your sport but it’s necessary for 4-6 weeks. Also, over-the-counter medications that work well, are Advil/Tylenol to reduce inflammation and pain. You will need to verify if you can take these with your family doctor/nurse practitioner. Finally, where a biomechanical abnormality exists, assessment for orthotics and proper footwear is key. Our clinicians can also teach you to stretch and strengthen as well, to prevent future episodes.
