Corns and calluses are common skin lesions that occur in the feet, resulting from pressure and/or friction. Fortunately, foot orthotics can be an effective option to prevent and treat these issues. Let’s explore how corns and calluses are caused, how to distinguish between them, and how orthotics can play a key role in relieving discomfort and lessening the chance of recurrence.
What are Corns and Calluses?
Corns are cone-shaped lesions that present as circular and thickened areas of skin. They are usually found on the tops, sides of or in between toes. They often develop because of excessive pressure or friction from poorly fitting shoes or deformities, such as bunions. Corns tend to be more painful than calluses due to their size, location, and a central core or nucleus. Calluses, on the other hand, are larger and typically form on the bottoms of feet, especially on weight-bearing areas, such as the heel or ball of the foot. Unlike corns, calluses generally cover a more diffuse area and tend to be less painful, but if left untreated, they can become uncomfortable over time. These hardened skin lesions are natural defense mechanisms that develop to protect the skin from excessive rubbing and pressure.
Common Causes of Corns and Calluses
- Ill-fitting footwear: Shoes that are too tight, loose, or have high heels can cause the skin to rub against the shoe, leading to the formation of corns and calluses.
- Foot deformities: Structural abnormalities like hammertoes, bunions, or flat feet can create pressure points that increase friction and cause corns or calluses.
- Activity level: Walking or standing for extended periods, especially on hard surfaces, can result in calluses developing on weight-bearing areas.
- Inefficient gait / walking: An issue with the way you walk can lead to uneven distribution of body weight, contributing to areas of excessive pressure on the feet.
- Not enough cushioning: If the fat pads on the bottom of feet are atrophied or thinned, the feet are more susceptible to developing calluses.
How Can Orthotics Help with Corns and Calluses?
Orthotics can be custom-made or prefabricated (off-the-shelf insoles). They are devices that are placed inside shoes to provide support and offloading. They are effective in managing foot lesions, such as corns and calluses by addressing the cause…pressure and friction.
- One of the primary functions of an orthotic is to redistribute pressure in the foot. This is crucial for individuals who experience localized pressure that leads to corns or calluses. By spreading the load more evenly, orthotics can reduce the friction and pressure points that cause these skin issues.
- Poor alignment or gait issues can cause an uneven distribution of weight, leading to excessive pressure on certain parts of the foot. Custom foot orthotics are designed to help correct biomechanical imbalances and realigning foot joints. The goal is to minimize pressure on vulnerable areas, reducing the formation of corns and calluses.
- Custom foot orthotics are designed specifically for YOUR feet. A customized fit will offer more comfort as it will provide adequate support and relief on specific areas. Off-the-shelf orthotics, while not custom-made, can also provide significant relief for some conditions, especially when designed for people with specific foot issues like flat feet or high arches.
- Orthotics can help treat existing corns and calluses but can also help prevent them from forming in the first place. By maintaining proper foot alignment, providing sufficient cushioning, and reducing friction, orthotics are effective at reducing the recurrence, allowing you to walk and stand more comfortably.
Additional Tips for Reducing Risk for Developing Corns and Calluses
- Always wear properly fitted shoes. Avoid tight or narrow shoes that cause excessive pressure on the toes.
- Moisturize regularly to keep your skin soft and hydrated.
- Examine your feet on a regular basis and pay attention to any changes or discomfort in your feet so you can act early to prevent small issues from big issues.
Come See Us!
Corns and calluses can be a source of discomfort, but with the right approach, they are manageable and even preventable. If you suffer from corns or calluses, book an appointment today at BioPed Footcare. Our lower limb footcare clinicians can address your concerns and help you do more in life!
